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It was also necessary to select an appropriate large value storage capacitor to receive the trickIe charge, one guaranteed to have a ten-year lifetime without significant degradation in its capacity. An aluminium electrolytic type having a non-solid dielectric construction was selected, The life of such capacitors is very dependent on environmental and electrical factors, and of these, operating temperature has the most influence (ambient temperature and internal heating due to ripple current). The main failure mechanism for these capacitors is electrolyte loss due to evaporation through the capacitor seal; it is accelerated with temperature and gives rise to an increase in ESR with age.Battery energy calculations were made, including allowances for losses in the DC-DC converter and took into account the predicted self-leakage of the battery. The spreadsheet indicated that a 10-year life should be achievable from a single LiS0Cl2 ‘D’ cell if the transmission interval is approximately 1 hour or more.