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In the past 50 years, China has improved a total of 670,000 sq km of soil-eroded areas, and the forest coverage rate has increased to 13.92 percent. Some achievements have also been made in natural environmental protection, with 151 model ecological zones established. There are 1146 nature reserves across the country, including 137 national nature reserves. The largest project for the transformation of the ecological environment is the “Three-North” Shelterbelt Project. Following the beginning of the construction of this 7,000-km “Green Great Wall” in 1978, more than 18 million hectares of areas had been afforested, 21 million hectares of fields protected by trees and about 20 percent of desertified land improved by 1996. The construction of another two projects---- the shelterbelts on the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River and the coastal shelterbelts---- is being speeded up. At present, China’s natural ecological environment is still poor. Water loss, soil erosion, desertification and degeneration of grasslands are worsening with each passing day, which weakens the ecological functions of windbreaks, sand fixation, water storage, soil preservation, and the protection of biological diversification. Hence, the Chinese government is taking measures to implement the National Program for Improving the Ecological Environment in an all-round way, while paying great attention to the prevention and control of pollution and the protection of the ecological environment.Prevention and Control of PollutionWith respect to the prevention and control of industrial pollution and the comprehensive improvement of the urban environment, China is trying to promote environmental protection by improving its supervision, management and technology. In 1999, China completed 22,358 environmental projects, involving a total investment of 12.31 billion Yuan. A total of 2,364 smoke-and-dust control districts were set up in 536 cities and a total of 2,040 noise-standardized areas were established in 431 cities. The 144 enterprises by Dianchi Lake, each pouring over 100 tons of wastewater daily into the lake, have been ordered to make improvements within a set time. The same is true of the 109 enterprises by Chaohu Lake, each pouring over 100 tons of wastewater into the lake daily. As a result, the rate of industrial pollution emission along the valleys of Dianchi and Chaohu lakes has reached the standard, and the water quality has greatly improved.