(1)x 3 -2x 2 +x, =x(x 2 -2x+1), =x(x-1) 2 ; (2)16a 4 -1, =(4a 2 ) 2 -1, =(4a 2 +1)(4a 2 -1), =(4a 2 +1)(2a-1)(2a+1).