a-1/a=4 (a-1/a)^2=a^2+1/a^2-2=4^2 所以a^2+1/a^2=16+2=18 所以(a+1/a)^2=a^2+1/a^2+2=20 a+1/a=±√20 a2-1/a2=(a-1/a)(a+1/a) =4*(±√20) = ±8√5