1. the Chinese fishing boat 特指,说话双方都知道是哪一条渔船。serious damage 用作名词,不可数,非特指。所以不用冠词。
2. way (nature is being ruined)。小括号是个定语从句,先行词是way,way 在定语从句中作方式状语, 从句的连词可以用that, 也可以不用 that或 in which 引导。
3. Should it have been the failure to pick up directions from the ground control that caused the air crash?
should have been 是虚拟语气的一种形式,表示对过去已经发生的事情的一种推断,可以理解为:应该是…(的情况)
4. While a number of villagers in Shangcheng, Henan Province picked up a kind of disease caused by the biting of a certain worm, very few suffered death.
尽管河南商城的一些村民染上一种由某种蠕虫叮咬引起的疾病,但是死亡病例很少。
你好,Selianeyth!满意吗?如果不满意可以追问。满意的话请采纳。