a²-4a+3=a²-4a+3+1-1=a²-4a+4-1=(a-2)²-1 (平方差)=(a-2-1)(a-2+1)=(a-3)(a-1)
(a-1)(a-3)
(a-3)(a-1)
=(a-2)^2-1或(a-1)(a-3)
(a-1)(a-3)