当开关S1闭合S2S3断开时,R1R2串联,电源电压U=IR=I(R1+R2)=0.6A*(2Ω+3Ω)=3V当开关S1,S2,S3都闭合时,R1被短路,灯泡和R2并联,总电流是I=1.5A,灯泡正常发光说明额定电压等于电源电压U额=U=3V.I2=U/R2=3V/3Ω=1AIL=I-I2=1.5A-1A=0.5A灯泡的额定功率P额=U额IL=3V*0.5A=1.5w